Teodora del Carmen Vásquez is in jail for a miscarriage (Image: Amnesty International)

Mum of one Teodora del Carmen Vásquez was expecting a new baby when she started experiencing increasingly severe pain.

She called the emergency services but her waters broke soon afterwards.

She went into labour, but by the time she gave birth was unconscious.

When she came round, bleeding profusely, her baby was dead.

But instead of being rushed to hospital for treatment, police at the scene handcuffed her and arrested her on suspicion of murder.

Only then did they take her to hospital where she could get the urgent medical help she needed.

Worse was to come when Teodora, who already has an 11 year old son, was charged and convicted and sentenced to 30 years in prison for “aggravated homicide”.

Teodora is part of a group of women known as “Las 17”, who were convicted between 1999 and 2001 after losing their babies in El Salvador.

She has now served 10 years and this week her latest appeal failed and she was sentenced to serve the remaining 20 years of her sentence.

 Women of different feminist organizations take part in a march asking for the freedom of 17 women accused of abortion, on the International Day of the Elimination of Violence Against Women, in San Salvador, capital of El Salvador

El Salvador is one of a few countries in the world with a total ban on abortion.

As a consequence, women who are seeking medical help for pregnancy-related complications can be convicted of breaking the law, and even miscarriages and stillbirths can be treated as crimes.

Women who miscarry or suffer a still-birth during pregnancy are routinely suspected of having had an “abortion”. Abortion under any circumstance is a crime, even in cases of rape, incest, or where a woman’s life is at risk.

This makes women afraid to seek help with pregnancy-related problems, leading inevitably to more preventable deaths.

Teodora shares a cell with 70 other women. For María Teresa, it is 250. Cramped together like this, the women often have to sleep on the floor under the building’s hot tin roofs.

This is Ilopango prison on the outskirts of San Salvador, capital of El Salvador. I’m here with my Amnesty colleagues, and our local partners, to visit Teodora del Carmen Vásquez and others from “Las 17”, a group of Salvadoran women who are in prison after suffering pregnancy-related complications.

 Inmates in overcrowded conditions at the Ilopango Women's Prison in San Salvador, El Salvador.

The women speak to us in an outdoor area just beyond the prison patio– the only place we are allowed to enter.

The heat is intense and the mosquitos swarm, but at least we can catch the breeze outside.

Inside, as Teodora and María Teresa tell us, it’s a different story: severe overcrowding, intense heat and strict rules that are both impractical and cruel. And yet you wouldn’t know it from the building’s fairly nondescript exterior.

Teodora has been imprisoned since 2007 after she suffered a stillbirth.

She was later charged with “aggravated homicide”, accused of having had an abortion which is banned in El Salvador. Coming from a poor, rural family, she could not afford a good lawyer. She was sentenced to 30 years in prison.

María Teresa Rivera is serving a 40-year sentence for the same charge after having a miscarriage. Both women have young sons who have only seen their mothers a handful of times in the intervening years.

Teodora’s parents, María Elena and Juan, have not been able to visit their daughter since June 2015.

Their home is nowhere near the prison, and the personal and economic burden of leaving their family behind to travel to the prison is very high.

Added to this is the convoluted paperwork that family members must complete just to request a visit with their daughters.

Even once a request is granted, there are more restrictions. María Elena described her last visit to Teodora.

“The prison authorities told us that we cannot bring anything for her, she says. “We can only come to see her. We cannot bring anything - money, food, clothing – absolutely nothing."

Teodora and the other women depend on their visitors bringing these supplies since it’s the only way they can get them.

María Teresa relies on the kindness of other inmates to share things like shampoo, toilet paper, and tampons because her son is too young to visit her alone and she has no other immediate family members.

She tells us that she feels lucky to count some of these women as her friends.

It suddenly occurs to me that until her son comes of age, María Teresa will have no visitors except for people like us.

As we speak she cries and my colleague hands her the only thing the authorities did not confiscate – a crumpled tissue from her back pocket.

Rather than use it to wipe her eyes, María Teresa carefully smooths the paper out on her knee and keeps it.

Everything here is something to be treasured and saved, even an old crumpled tissue.

Later that afternoon we meet Teodora’s older sister, Cecilia, and her father Juan.

Father of 11 children, Juan is calm and composed, even as he expresses his grief.

“I feel very sad because there is nothing [I can] do to get her out,” he says. “What we want is for her to be free. It is the biggest wish that we have. That they tell us one day that they are going to free her.”

Teodora had always supported her family financially, but the family’s loss goes much further than just this.

As Cecilia, who has regularly visited her sister in prison for the past eight years, explains: “It’s not just my sister who is being punished, but the whole family. All of us. Because the heart of our family is not free.”

 Solidarity letters for Teodora from Amnesty activists which prison authorities refuse to pass on

Now 12 years old, Teodora’s son Ángel feels her absence keenly.

Whenever his aunt or grandparents return from visiting Teodora, his first question is always: “When is my mom going to get out?”

Despite not being able to see their daughter on the day we visit her, the prison authorities allow María Elena and Juan to visit a few days later.

“The happiness I feel today is knowing that Teodora will be with us very soon,” María Elena tells us on the day.

“And I thank Amnesty because you are fighting for her... and this process will continue until she gets out of there.

"And this motivates me, it motivates me with great joy in my own heart, and I thank you in the name of God.”

Teodora is positive about the future. She tells us she is healthy and well, and has been taking classes inside the prison so that she can continue studying when she is released.

She hopes to one day go to university and get a job. But her biggest wish for the future is simple: to be reunited with her son and loved ones.

This article appears with the permission of Amnesty International