How Ruto's loyalty to friends has shaped his leadership

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President William Ruto has used the loyalty and friendship yardstick as a key hallmark in his leadership, retaining close allies in his cabinet despite demands by Kenyans that he applies other values like competence and integrity when making appointments.

Having faced great pressure from millions of protesters, the Gen Z revolt, in June, where he caved in and sacked his entire cabinet, Ruto showed that his loyalty to friends could not be tamed by reappointing-long-term friends and key allies, Aden Duale, Kithure Kindiki, Kipchumba Murkomen and Davis Chirchir.