World Lung Day, observed annually on September 25, serves as a vital reminder of the importance of lung health. Organized by the Forum of International Respiratory Societies (FIRS), this day aims to raise awareness about respiratory conditions such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung cancer, and tuberculosis. In recognition of this day, it is essential to address daily habits that can significantly impair lung function. Here are eight practices to eliminate for better lung health.

1. Smoking or vaping

Even occasional smoking or vaping introduces harmful substances into the lungs, including nicotine, tar, and formaldehyde. These toxic chemicals can damage lung tissues and narrow airways, increasing the risk of chronic respiratory diseases and lung cancer. The resulting inflammation and scarring worsen lung health over time, making cessation crucial for anyone concerned about their respiratory well-being.

2. Exposure to indoor pollutants

Products like cleaning agents, air fresheners, and synthetic fragrances release volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that irritate lung tissues. Regular exposure can lead to inflammation, exacerbate asthma, and trigger allergic reactions. Long-term inhalation of these pollutants can increase the risk of developing chronic lung conditions, underscoring the importance of choosing safer, natural alternatives for cleaning and fragrance.

3. Lack of physical activity

A sedentary lifestyle can severely limit lung capacity and weaken respiratory muscles. Insufficient exercise diminishes lung function, leading to breathlessness, reduced stamina, and poor circulation. Over time, inactivity can result in shallow breathing and decreased lung elasticity, ultimately impairing overall respiratory health. Incorporating regular physical activity can enhance lung efficiency and endurance.

4. Inadequate Ventilation

Inadequate ventilation in indoor spaces allows pollutants, mold spores, and allergens to accumulate, deteriorating air quality. Prolonged exposure to stagnant air can irritate the lungs, triggering asthma and other respiratory conditions. Ensuring proper airflow and ventilation in living and working environments is essential for maintaining healthy lungs and reducing the risk of respiratory infections.

5. Exposure to industrial chemicals

Occupational exposure to industrial chemicals, dust, or fumes can pose a significant threat to lung health. Inhaling toxic particles can lead to serious conditions such as asbestosis, silicosis, or even lung cancer. Without adequate protective measures or ventilation, workers may suffer irreversible damage to their lung tissues. Prioritizing safety and using protective equipment in hazardous environments is critical.

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6. Inadequate hydration

Inadequate hydration can cause mucus in the lungs to thicken, obstructing airflow and making it harder for the body to expel harmful substances. This can lead to increased susceptibility to respiratory infections and difficulty breathing. Staying properly hydrated helps keep the lungs moist, facilitating efficient clearance of mucus and toxins, and supporting overall lung function.

7. Dirty Air Filters

Air filters in homes and workplaces collect dust, pet dander, pollen, and other allergens over time. When not cleaned regularly, these filters recirculate polluted air, exacerbating respiratory issues. Breathing in accumulated irritants can lead to lung inflammation and worsen conditions like asthma and bronchitis. Regular maintenance of air filters is essential for sustaining good air quality.

8. Overeating Processed Foods

A diet high in processed foods, unhealthy fats, sugars, and preservatives can lead to lung inflammation and other health issues. These foods often lack the essential nutrients necessary for supporting lung health and can weaken the immune system, making the body more susceptible to respiratory infections. Emphasizing a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins can significantly benefit lung health.

In summary, fostering healthy lungs requires awareness and proactive changes in daily habits. By eliminating these eight detrimental practices, individuals can significantly reduce their risk of lung diseases and promote overall respiratory health.

This World Lung Day, take the first step toward better lung health for yourself and those around you.

The writer is a Resident Physician in Internal Medicine at The Nairobi West Hospital