Ruto-led Nairobi Declaration a 'non-issue' at climate summit

However, as week two begins experts who spoke to The Standard said the Nairobi Declaration is largely a 'non-issue' in the COP28 talks.

Power Shift Africa Director Mohamed Adow observed that apart from a single mention by Kenya: "We didn't hear about it in the UN summit."

The Standard has established that the African group of negotiators has agreed to adopt their common position as the basis of their engagement at the ongoing discussions in Dubai.

The position touches on many issues impacting the continent and is being led by Zambia.

The development comes even as Kenya's Special Envoy on Climate Change Ali Mohamed, speaking at a plenary, insisted that the Nairobi Declaration signals a push for innovative financial solutions to address the escalating climate emergency.

The envoy underscored the inadequacy of current international climate financing mechanisms, citing the Global Climate Fund (GCF) with 12 billion over four years as insufficient for the developmental needs of over 130 countries.

Ali urged a shift towards innovative financing methods, stating, "Africa is presenting and we are ready to lead on these matters of financial reform."

Highlighting the financial constraints faced by many African countries, Ali emphasized the necessity to explore alternative financing models.

He pointed out the fiscal challenges resulting from the debt burden carried by numerous nations, noting that some are on the brink of default.

The Nairobi Declaration, as articulated by Ali, proposes reforms to the existing financial mechanisms that have been in operation for the past eight years, adapting to new realities.

The declaration, as Ali elaborated, calls for examining new ways of raising financing, including taxing financial transactions.

"For example, the biggest financial transactions - is it possible for us to look at ways of taxing financial transactions?" he questioned. Furthermore, he suggested taxing aviation and Maritime, considering the substantial profits made by the sector.

However Pan Africa Senior Advocacy Advisor at Christian Aid Joab Okanda shed light on the disparities between the Nairobi Declaration and actions at COP28.

Reflecting on the Nairobi Declaration, Okanda questioned the effectiveness of the initiatives launched, such as the tax task force on financing climate action.

He highlighted concerns about whether these initiatives aligned with the Africa group's objectives, specifically their desire for a UN tax convention on international tax preparation.

Okanda emphasised the need to scrutinize proposals like maritime tax, considering Africa's status as a net importer. He urged a careful examination of the impact on inflation and the overall implications for the continent.

"The Nairobi African climate summit was an opportunity, but it was also a missed opportunity for the continent to come together. We have not seen it trickle down at COP28, at this summit each country in Africa is forging its path," expressed Kenda.

For instance, Hage Geingob President of Namibia expressed a realisation that his country needed to independently determine the actions to combat the climate crisis.

"We are determined to find ways to combat impacts of climate change as a country in our ways," Geingob said.

When questioned about the progress in COP28 regarding the Africa position, Okanda remained skeptical.

He pointed out the prevalent lack of trust between the global north and south, hindering past commitments and pledges from being fulfilled.

"Africa wanted to use the African climate summit to redefine its engagement in the global climate negotiations. However, we haven't seen that language spoken during the World Leaders Summit reflected in the text being negotiated," Okanda highlighted.

He raised concerns about the hard-hitting language not being translated into the negotiations, with the global north seemingly giving the global south a hard time.

Okanda expressed worry about the bracketed text in Nairobi Declaration and informal formats that don't align with the energy and initiatives discussed at the leadership level.

In a surprising turn of events countries launched a tax task force to explore innovative ways to finance climate action.

Okanda expressed skepticism about the task force, questioning whether it might divert attention from the Africa group's original objective at the UN.

Okanda raised concerns about the proposed solutions within the task force, particularly maritime taxes like shipping levies.

He highlighted the potential impact on inflation for a continent heavily reliant on imports. "Africa is a continent that imports. we need to look at these things carefully," Okanda remarked.

Fadhel Kaboub, Associate Professor of Economics from Tunisia, noted Africa Climate Summit was a missed opportunity for greater unity among countries.

Despite the presence of few leaders, Kaboub, observed that the summit's influence hadn't translated effectively into the negotiation text for COP28.

"We haven't seen it much trickled down into a negotiation text," he lamented, criticizing the lack of substantial progress apart from discussions on capital markets.

As the first week of COP28 unfolded, experts remained cautious about the prospect of improved inclusion in the final decisions and the global stocktake.

He stressed that Africa's negotiating position was deeply rooted in the outcomes of the African Climate Summit.

The continent, having arrived at COP28 with diminished trust in the global north, aimed to redefine its engagement in climate negotiations and address the challenges facing its people.

The sentiments by various parties underscored a growing concern that past commitments and pledges from the global north had not been met, leaving many in the global south disillusioned.

Kaboub argued that the global north, possessing the capacity and capability to transition, should take a more proactive role in addressing climate challenges.