"Mothers should have a strong support system in the hospital and at home, where the nurses show her how to hold the baby correctly to aid in latching and proper breastfeeding and if she is unable to produce enough milk, she should be given supplements to boost their lactation," she explains, "at home, this new mother should be helped by family members to give her time to concentrate on nursing."
Children with acute kidney injury may present with different signs and symptoms such as severe dehydration, a baby may look weak and lethargic, some may have convulsions while others may be too weak to wake up and breastfeed, dry skin with very cold hands and feet but the inability to pass urine is the main test used by doctors to diagnose acute kidney injury in newborn children.
According to Dr Peninnah Musyoka a paediatrician at Machakos Level 5 Hospital, some blood tests are run to check potassium levels which go up when the kidney is injured, then the sodium test, and a test to check urea and creatinine levels.
If the urea, creatinine, potassium and sodium levels are high, then the doctor will determine if the child ought to be put on dialysis or simply rehydrated.
Dr Musyoka explains that there are two types of dialysis; hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. Most doctors recommend peritoneal dialysis for children.
With peritoneal dialysis, a small incision is made near the belly button to access the peritoneum which is the inside lining of the abdomen.
Fluid is then pumped into the peritoneal cavity using a catheter and as blood passes through the blood vessels in the peritoneum, waste products and excess fluid are drawn out of the blood and into the dialysis fluid.
Dr Musyoka says that this fluid will be replaced hours later with fresh fluid and within a few days, the baby will be able to pass urine and the kidney will function normally.
She advises that after the dialysis, the baby ought to be observed and well hydrated normally.