China, Japan seek warmer ties against backdrop of US trade friction

Chinese and Japanese flags flutter ahead of Japan's Prime Minister Shinzo Abe's visit in Beijing, China on October 25, 2018. [Photo: Reuters]

Japan’s prime minister arrived in Beijing on Thursday for his first formal bilateral summit with Chinese leaders in seven years as the Asian rivals seek to build on a thaw in ties against a backdrop of trade friction with the United States.

Near Beijing’s Tiananmen Square, flags of both countries lined Changan Avenue, a thoroughfare that cuts through the heart of the capital.

Abe’s three-day visit is expected to carve out new scope for cooperation between Asia’s two biggest economies. It is also expected to promote trust, which has been fragile at times since they restored diplomatic relations in 1972.

In the past year, China has stepped up its outreach to Japan and others as it locked horns over trade with the United States.

While Japan, worried about China’s growing naval power, is keen for closer economic ties with its biggest trading partner, it must manage that rapprochement without upsetting its key security ally, the United States, with which it has trade problems of its own.

Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, who returned to power in 2012 when Sino-Japanese ties were in tatters due to a feud over East China Sea islands, has met Chinese President Xi Jinping many times since their first chilly conversation in 2014 on the sidelines of a regional summit in Beijing.

But his meeting with Xi on Friday will be the first full-scale Sino-Japanese summit since 2011.

“Through this visit, I want to raise relations between the two countries to a new level,” Abe said ahead of his departure.

Abe will meet Premier Li Keqiang and attend a reception to mark the 40th anniversary of a peace and friendship treaty. Both sides hope more visits will follow.

 “If Xi promises to come to Japan next year, that would be very big,” said Kiyoyuki Seguchi, research director at the Canon Institute for Global Studies in Tokyo.

“If that is realized, the improvement in Japan-China relations will accelerate.”

A slew of agreements are expected, from a currency swap arrangement and a new dialogue on innovation and intellectual property protection to better communication between their militaries.

Japan also hopes for progress toward implementing a 2008 agreement on jointly developing gasfields in disputed waters, and wants China to ease import limits on produce from areas affected by the 2011 Fukushima nuclear disaster.

A business forum on private sector cooperation in third countries is expected to yield some 50 non-binding agreements, a Japanese government source said.

China may be hoping that Abe makes a positive statement about its Belt and Road initiative, a vehicle to fund and build transport and trade links in more than 60 countries.

‘STRATEGIC TARGETS’

The Belt and Road project has come under fire for saddling poor nations with debt through big projects that are not economically viable. China rejects the criticism.

Japanese defense officials are also wary of its military implications, and Tokyo is pushing its Free and Open Pacific Strategy to promote trade and infrastructure in Asia, Africa and the Middle East.

Japan wants to ensure any joint projects with China are transparent, open and fiscally sound, officials said.

In a symbol of China’s economic rise, Japanese Foreign Minister Taro Kono said this week Japan was ending its development assistance to China, after halting the bulk of aid more than a decade ago. Instead, they will seek ways to help others.

Despite the thaw, mistrust persists.

War-time history still rankles, with China often complaining that Japan has not fully atoned for its occupation of parts of China before and during World War Two.

“Just looking how the flags of both countries are hung next to each other on Changan Avenue makes me uncomfortable,” said a user on China’s Weibo microblog platform.

“Japan’s wartime aggression is still deeply hurting.”

Some other users urged caution during Abe’s visit, accusing an “ambitious” Japan of being a two-faced neighbor.

Japan is wary of China’s military spending and its dominance of the South China Sea, through which much of Japan’s trade flows.

“Abe will try to develop relations,” said Akio Takahara, a China specialist at the University of Tokyo.

“But at the end of the day, if strategic targets are different, we won’t be able to establish a stable relationship.