Ethiopia under pressure to save maids stuck in Lebanon

Ethiopian domestic workers who were dismissed by their employers gather with their belongings outside their country’s embassy in Hazmiyeh, east of Beirut, yesterday. [AFP]

After she flew to Lebanon in 2017 to work as a maid for a family of eight, Birtukan Mekuanint managed to call her own relatives in Ethiopia only a handful of times.

So her father, Abiye Yefru, did not know what to think when Birtukan emerged unannounced from a taxi outside their home in Addis Ababa last week.

"Everyone was very emotional when she came to meet us," Abiye told AFP, describing their reunion. "I didn't hold back my tears, and my wife cried even more." 

Soon, though, Abiye's joy turned to anger as Birtukan recounted her hardship in Lebanon - an all-too-common tale of uncompensated labour in abusive conditions. 

Now he's joining the chorus of Ethiopians pleading with the government to bring back thousands of domestic workers stranded in Lebanon. 

"It's too difficult over there," he said. "Of course they should be brought home."

A quarter of a million migrants are employed as domestic workers in Lebanon, the majority of them Ethiopian. 

A sponsorship system known as "kafala" leaves maids, nannies and carers outside the remit of Lebanese labour law and at the mercy of their employers. 

Workers' plight

The workers' plight has come under the spotlight in recent weeks as Lebanon grapples with its worst economic crisis in decades, with dozens of women kicked out by their employers and dumped outside the Ethiopian consulate in Beirut. 

Yet Ethiopian women have for years endured non-payment of wages, forced confinement and physical and sexual violence, activists say. 

Making matters worse, Ethiopian authorities have turned a blind eye to the abuses, said Banchi Yimer, founder of an NGO that advocates for migrant workers' rights. 

"I would say they do nothing," she said. "Nothing has been done by the Ethiopian government."

Like many Ethiopian women, Birtukan believed the brokers who told her moving to Lebanon would be an easy way to improve her family's fortunes. 

For 7,000 Ethiopian birr (around Sh21,700), they promised to arrange her travel and place her with a family that would pay $200 (Sh21,286) a month while covering her expenses.

Upon reaching Beirut, however, she learned the brokers would pocket her earnings for the first two months.

The brokers then cut off contact, and her Lebanese boss refused to pay her. 

Under the kafala system, migrant workers can't terminate contracts without the consent of their employers, meaning Birtukan was effectively trapped. 

She spent long hours mopping floors, ironing clothes and cleaning bathrooms, all while tallying the days on a piece of cardboard she hid under her mattress. 

"I didn't see other people. Even if I tried to talk on the phone, they would stop me," she told AFP as tears rolled down her cheeks. She seized the first chance she could to escape, swiping a key to the compound gate left behind by one of the family's children. 

She then secured a spot on one of the flights organised last month by the Ethiopian government and state-owned Ethiopian Airlines. 

But only around 650 women have been flown home so far. Ethiopia's foreign affairs ministry and the consulate in Beirut did not respond to multiple requests for comment.