A significant portion of Kenya’s workforce may be slightly behind global leaders in terms of technical skills, especially as automation, artificial intelligence (AI), and digital transformation reshape industries worldwide. Yet, this gap presents an opportunity as much as a challenge. If Kenya acts now—investing in skill development and revamping its education and training systems—the country can prepare its workforce to thrive in this new, tech-driven economy. With a commitment to upskilling and a focus on future-ready skills, Kenya can not only catch up but also position itself as a competitive force, ready to harness the power of emerging industries and innovation.
Automation and AI are poised to redefine job roles across sectors, from finance and agriculture to manufacturing and healthcare. As routine tasks become automated, demand for traditional manual labour may decrease. In contrast, roles that require cognitive skills—like problem-solving, data analysis, and creative thinking—are expected to grow.
For example, in the financial sector, AI tools are improving customer service, assessing creditworthiness, and detecting fraud, expanding demand for skills in data science, AI, and cybersecurity. Likewise, in healthcare, digital health tools and telemedicine have transformed how services are delivered, especially since the Covid-19 pandemic. Health professionals now require not only medical expertise but also digital literacy to operate systems, interpret patient data, and conduct remote consultations. Across industries, jobs that depend on critical thinking and digital proficiency are emerging as the foundation for the future.
For Kenya to meet the needs of these evolving industries, its education system must prioritise skills like STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics), digital literacy, and problem-solving. A re-imagined curriculum that combines technical knowledge with critical thinking and soft skills is key to developing a workforce prepared for change. Vocational training programmes should incorporate digital skills, machine operation, and coding alongside traditional subjects. Emphasising hands-on, experiential learning gives students the confidence to work with new technologies and equips them with practical knowledge that applies directly to modern workplace needs.
For Kenya’s workforce to stay competitive, upskilling current employees is as important as educating new entrants. Many Kenyans in traditional roles could face displacement if they don’t acquire new skills relevant to emerging industries. Here, upskilling programmes play a critical role. Programmes offering on-the-job training, online courses, and evening classes enable workers to learn skills like data analysis, digital marketing, and advanced IT, enhancing their adaptability in a technology-driven economy. Industries such as manufacturing, retail, and logistics could particularly benefit from such initiatives, as employees adapt to more technical roles and advanced equipment.
Public-private partnerships can greatly support these initiatives, allowing the government, private sector, and educational institutions to work together to meet industry needs. Private-sector companies, especially in tech, can provide resources and expertise to develop courses on data analysis, machine learning, and coding. For example, leading companies in Kenya’s financial sector might partner with universities to offer internships or training that familiarise students with real-world applications of AI and digital finance. Collaboration between institutions and the private sector can lead to curriculum updates that align educational programmes with the skills employers are actively seeking.
Additionally, soft skills such as emotional intelligence, creativity, communication, and teamwork are also essential for future-proofing Kenya’s workforce. As automation reduces the demand for repetitive work, tasks that require human interaction, empathy, and innovative thinking will become more valuable. Incorporating soft skills development into education and training frameworks ensures that employees are not only technically proficient but also capable of leading teams, adapting to changes, and thinking critically. These skills are particularly important in customer service, management, and leadership roles across sectors.
However, to ensure that upskilling opportunities are accessible to all, Kenya must address challenges related to digital literacy and internet connectivity. Access to technology remains unevenly distributed, with rural and underserved communities often lacking reliable internet access. Community-based digital literacy programmes, affordable or subsidised online courses, and mobile-friendly platforms can help bridge this divide, making upskilling more inclusive so that diverse groups across Kenya are equally prepared for future opportunities.
Investing in lifelong learning is another critical strategy. In an economy where industries and technologies are constantly evolving, education must be seen as an ongoing journey. By promoting lifelong learning, Kenya can cultivate a resilient workforce that keeps pace with change. Companies that support continuous learning through training subsidies, mentorship programmes, and upskilling initiatives will ultimately benefit from a more agile, skilled, and innovative workforce.
Kenya’s workforce has the potential to propel the nation’s economic growth forward, but intentional planning and investment are necessary to fully realise this potential.
