Having celebrated his Third Mashujaa Day as the 5th President of Kenya, it is pertinent to examine President William Ruto's leadership style in comparison to that of the late former President Daniel arap Moi.
The current economic landscape under President Ruto, marked by rising costs of consumable goods and a dwindling economy, bears some resemblance to the economic situation during Moi's third term in office (1996-1998). During Moi's tenure, structural adjustment programmes were implemented to stabilise the economy, which was experiencing a sharp decline. Similarly, Dr Ruto's administration is facing significant economic challenges, necessitating careful policy decisions to mitigate the impact on the populace.
There are several striking similarities between President Ruto and former President Moi. Both leaders have a strong political base in the Rift Valley, primarily among the Kalenjin community. They are known for their political charisma and generosity, which have been instrumental in building and maintaining their support bases.
Like Moi, Ruto is an indefatigable politician who actively engages with various regions of the country, fostering a network of loyalists and contacts. This approach is supported by his understanding of pork barrel politics and his generosity, which have helped him build a formidable political presence. Moi, by default, had established a strong network of loyalists and contacts during his time as Vice President under Jomo Kenyatta, which served him well when he ascended to the presidency in 1978.
Moi was the face of Kenya in regional and international meetings, seamlessly transitioning into the role of President after Kenyatta's death. Similarly, Ruto has made a significant imprint on the political landscape, leveraging his extensive network and political acumen to secure the presidency in August 2022. Unlike Moi, Ruto's rise to power was not solely based on succession but on his deliberate efforts to build a strong political foundation.
The opposition Ruto faces from the Mt Kenya region is reminiscent of the anti-Moi sentiments propagated by the Kiambu Mafia and their allies in the 1970s. These power games are driven by those who feel entitled to succeed Uhuru Kenyatta. The dominant party structures, such as Kanu during Moi's era and UDA under Ruto, have played crucial roles in maintaining their leaders in power. Currently, UDA is actively popularising itself across the country, engaging with delegates to sensitise them on election processes and rules.
Ruto remains the undisputed fulcrum in the Rift Valley, with Rigathi Gachagua-now in a political duel, and having faltered along the way, with his boss, and not potentially serving as a pivot to leverage support from Mt Kenya. While Gideon Moi is also vying for influence, Ruto's current dominance in his home turf is significant. Ruto's strategic approach to politics, including maintaining connections with his former ODM networks and allies, and his recent development tours in Western Kenya and the Coast, demonstrate his ability to navigate complex political landscapes.
Ruto has mastered the art of political campaigning, utilising a combination of grit, organisation, and effective political rhetoric to elicit emotions and actions from voters. This was evident in his successful 2022 presidential campaign and is expected to be a key strategy in the 2027 elections. His ability to bargain with his constituency and mobilise support across Kenya has been a hallmark of his political career.
Recently, Ruto's decision to withdraw unpopular taxation proposals following widespread protests and criticism highlights his capacity to adapt and make statesmanlike decisions, similar to Moi's about-turn in 1991 when he transitioned from a one-party state to multi-party democracy. This ability to put national interests above personal ego and pride is a significant aspect of their leadership styles.
But while there are notable similarities between the leadership styles of Ruto and Moi, each has navigated unique political landscapes and challenges.
